What is Bitumen Drum?
Bitumen drum is one of the most common and practical packaging methods used for storing and transporting bitumen across the world. This type of packaging has been widely used for decades because it offers a reliable way to handle bitumen.
Bitumen Steel Drum Packing and Its Purpose
Steel Drums are mainly used because they provide a sealed, durable, and standardized container that protects bitumen from contamination, moisture, and excessive exposure to air.
This packing method is especially suitable for export markets where bitumen needs to be transported over long distances by sea and then distributed in smaller quantities by road.
Standard of Bitumen Drum
The standard bitumen drum size used in international trade is designed to hold around 150, 180 and 200 kilograms of bitumen, although slight variations may exist depending on buyer requirements or regional standards. The drum itself usually has a total capacity of about 200 liters, allowing enough headspace to safely contain hot bitumen during filling and cooling.
Safety Considerations During Loading and Handling
Safety during the loading and handling of bitumen drums is critical due to the high temperature of bitumen at the filling stage and the heavy weight of each drum.
Drums are usually filled with hot bitumen at temperatures above 150°C, so proper protective equipment, controlled filling systems, and stable drum positioning are essential to avoid leaks or burns.
During loading into containers or onto trucks, drums must be stacked correctly and secured to prevent movement. Forklifts and cranes used for handling should be designed for drum transport to reduce the risk of deformation or accidental dropping.
Drum Size and Dimensions
The standard bitumen drum is a steel drum with a capacity of around 200 liters, which is also referred to as a 55-gallon drum. This is the most commonly used size in the industry and is recognized internationally.
Deatails Specification of Bitumen Drums
| Drum Sizes | 150KG | 180KG |
|---|---|---|
| Height | 80CM | 100CM |
| Diameter | 50CM | 50CM |
| Drum Tare Weight | 8.2±0.1 KG | 9.5±0.1 KG |
| Number of Drums Loading in 20ft Containers – with Pallet | 80 | 80 |
| Bitumen Net Weight Loading in 20ft Containers – with Pallet | 12.00 MT | 14.00 MT |
| Number of Drums Loading in 20ft Containers – without Pallet | 110 | 110 |
| Bitumen Net Weight Loading in 20ft Containers – without Pallet | 16.50 MT | 19.80 MT |
Which Bitumen Grades Can Be Packed in Drums
Almost all bitumen grades can be packed in drums, but some are more common than others.
- Penetration grades: 40/50, 50/60, 60/70, 70/100, 80/100, 100/120 – these are the most frequently drummed grades worldwide. They flow easily at 160-170°C and cool down without problems.
- Polymer modified bitumen (PMB): PMB 40, PMB 70, CRMB 55, CRMB 60 – very common in drums, especially for airport and highway projects. Filling temperature is higher, 175-185°C, and drums must have special anti-stick coating inside.
- Viscosity grades: VG-10, VG-20, VG-30, VG-40 – all packed without issues, VG-30 and VG-40 being the most popular in drums for export.
- Cutback bitumen: MC-30, MC-70, RC-70 – can be packed but less common now because of solvent smell and regulations. Many countries prefer bulk tankers for cutbacks.
- Bitumen emulsion: rarely packed in steel drums because water causes rust. Plastic drums or IBCs are used instead.
Bitumen Filling in Drums
When it comes to filling, bitumen is heated to a temperature that makes it fluid enough to pour into the drum. For penetration grade bitumen, this temperature is usually between 150 and 180 degrees Celsius. The hot liquid bitumen is poured directly into the open-top steel drum. Each drum is typically filled with approximately 150 to 170 kilograms of bitumen, depending on the grade and specific gravity of the product. Some grades may result in a slightly higher or lower net weight per drum.
Typical Problems Associated With Bitumen Drums
Despite their advantages, bitumen drums can face several common issues. One of the most frequent problems is deformation caused by improper handling or stacking, which can lead to leakage during transport. Another issue is rust or corrosion if drums are stored for long periods in humid environments, especially when the steel quality is low.
Difference Between Drum and Jumbo Bag Packing
The main difference between drum packing and jumbo bag packing lies in handling, protection, and application scope. Drums offer a rigid and fully sealed container that provides strong protection against physical damage and environmental factors. Jumbo bags, on the other hand, are lighter and often more cost-effective but rely on outer protection during transport and storage.
While jumbo bags are suitable for certain modified or solid bitumen forms, drums remain the preferred option for hot-filled bitumen due to their higher safety level, longer shelf stability, and broader acceptance in global trade.
